Standardizuyimi Romani qhib (Selahetin Kruezi): Diferență între versiuni

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Kadaya si i pustik vash i [[Standardizuimi Romani chib|standardizuyimi Romani qhib]] katar o [[Selahetin Kruezi]].
 
==Anglovakaripa==
I [[Romani chib|Romani qhib]] si e Romengi qhib, kolaya vakarena o [[Roma]] sar dayaki qhib. Oy phiravdili e [[Indiya]]ta thay adive arakhlola ano sa Sumnal. Najanelpe kana o Roma lele te vakaren akaya qhib, numay najanelpe ni angluno manush koya qhib vakarya. Odoleske, shay te phena so i Romani qhib si yekh may purani e qhibyenda. Ji adive janelpe so i Romani qhib phiravdili numay muyesta po muy thay na janelpe olako hramipe sar sine. Amen pakya so i Romani qhib, vi angleder hramisali, numay amen najana sar. Nani khonik ko te mothavol amenge odova.
 
Zumavinde but jene te keren i Romani qhib te ovel hramimi, numay ji adive panda na resla ko than kote
manglape te ovol. I Romani qhib panda ji adive na dikhla dud sar so dikhena yaver qhiba, odoleske, shay te phena so i Romani qhib panda si ani tomina thay ajukarela ko ka tharol olako dud. Ji adive, zumavisalo te kerolpe i Romani qhib agyahar so sa o diyalektya te oven qalarde. Sakova alav e diyalektesko te hraminyol thay sako tedrabarol agyahar sar vakarela. Numay, sar si Romane diyalektya but a mashkar olende but lokalizmya, akava sistemi ji adive na pherya odova so ajukardilo. Akava sistemi but pumushkarya i Romani qhib te hraminyol, thay amen manglape te palikera sa odole manushenge so kerde thay kerena buti vash te hraminyol i Romani qhib.
 
Adive, akava si vash amenge thay yaver generaciyenge, kola ka aven pala amende, yekh drom, kotar manglape te nakha angle thay sa so arakha vash te lokyaryol e romana qhibyako hramipe, manglape te mothava thay but harne vakteste vi i Romani qhib ka hraminyol sar so
hraminena o yaver manusha para dayaki qhib. Amen vash te kera amaro kotor e butyako vash Romani qhib, lelem yekh yaver metoda e butyaki, kolaya hraminena vi yaver qhiba, kola sar baza na lele o diyalektya numay e qhibyaki gramatika, soske i qhib siklolape kotar qhibyaki gramatika. Odoleske vi amari qhibyaki gramatika therela yekh sistemi kola manglape sare te kama thay te hramina agyahar
sar sikavela amend i gramatika.
 
==Romani abeceda==
 
Vash te hraminen o Roma pere vakaripya, manglape
te theren yekh abeceda koya ka ovol loki vash sa
Roma. Vash te ovol i abeceda loki vash sa Roma,
manglape te dikhelpe save hramyensa ka hraminen o
Roma pere vakaripya ano adisutno jivdipe.
Amen gandina so sa o Roma manglape te hraminen
odole hramensa kola shay te arakhlon ani tastatura e
yekhe kompyutereski, kova si standarduno vash sa
manusha.
Amen adive jivdina ano yekh Sumnal, kote o
manusha maybut kerena buti e kompyutereya.
Dikhindoy e kompyutereski tastatura, dikha so ani
tastatura o hramaya natherena semnen upre vay tele
thay odoleske amen gandiyem, te shay, i Romani
abeceda te hraminelpe asavke hramyensa.
 
Amen jana so o Roma jivdinena ano sa Sumnal thay
jana vi so ano Sumnal si but abecede kolensa o
manusha hraminena olenge vakaripya.Odoleske vi
amen manglape te roda amari abeceda vash te jana te
drabara thay te hramina a agyahar vi te mukha
amare avutne generaciyenge yekh mangin kola ka
phiravenla ano olengo sumnalikano jivdipe.
Vash te janelpe kola hramya therela i Romani qhib,
manglape te hraminelpe: paramisya, gila, drame, te
nakhavenpe yaver qhibyendar literature thay odole
alavenda te kerelpe alavari kote ka dikhlyon kola
hramyensa hramisale sa akala literature vash tana
lenpe o hramya kola nani Romane.
 
Therindoy anglal amende sa akava so liparyem
angle, keryem yekh rodlaripa thay ko agor reslem ji
ko akava phandipa:
 
#I Romani qhib manglape te hraminyol e Latinikana Abecedaya koya si internaciyonaluni abeceda ano Sumnal vash hramipe.
#I Romani abeceda manglape te therel numay ohramya kolensa manglape te hraminyon Romane alava. (Akate theryem po dikhipe disave hramya kola nani ani Romani qhib thay vash akava po buhle ka hramina po tele).
#I Romani abeceda te ovel e hramyenda kola natherna semnen upre vay tele ano hramya.
#Ko Romano hramipe sakova hram manglape te shunyarol numay yekh avazi.
#I Romani qhib te hraminyol agyahar sar vakaryola thay te drabaryol agyahar sar si hramimi, biparudimi sar ko telyaripe agyahar vi ko agor, pherde aksenteya bi kvashe avazyensa.Akava shayipe si ani Romani
qhib soske i Romani qhib si melodikani thay qhibyako hramipe si fonetikano.
 
Vash te ulava sa e Romenca amari losh, hramina po
tele e metoda kolaya ovela amari qhib
standardizuyimi thay pakya so ko avutnipe vi amari
qhib ka ovel hramimi sar so si yaver qhiba ano
Sumnal.
 
Vash te jana te hramina, manglape te jana amari
abeceda napal olako hramipasko sistemi napal i
romani gramatika kolaya ka hramina amari qhib
agyahar sar dendili e Devlesta.
 
===Hramya===
 
Romani abeceda therela akala hramya:
 
'''A a, B b, C c, D d, E e, F f, G g, H h, I i, J j, K k, L l,M m, N n, O o, P p, Q q, R r, S s, T t, U u, V v, Y y, Z z'''.
 
Sar dikhena, ani Romani abeceda niyekh hram
natherela semnen upre vay tele sar dikhyola ano
disave qhiba. Akaya abeceda si yekh vash sa Roma
ano Sumnal thay shay te arakhenpe o hramya ano
sakasko kompyuteri bi rodindoy ano yaver thana.
Akava keryem vi odoleske so ano daktilo nani
disave hramya sar lelile ji akana thay o manusha
kola natherenay kompyuteri nashti hramaninen
Romane alava thay odoleya ol manglaype te roden
ko therela komyuteri vash te hraminen pere butya.
Amen manga sa o Roma te hraminen so pobut vash
te nakhol angli amari qhib a na te oven momkya
(slavya) e yaverkaske vi ano hramipe.
 
Vash te lokyara e abeceda, amen lelem sakova hram
te shunyarol yekh avazi.Yekh ulavdo dikhipe
therena o hramya - '''s''' - thay – '''h''' – kola kana avena
yekh pali yekh dena e avaze - '''sh''' - kova drabaryola
sar ko alava: '''shil''' – '''shudro''' – '''shov''' - '''shel''' ty. Akava
sistemi lelilo vi ano yaver qhiba. Akala duy hramya
ka drabara sar yekh avazi, agyahar sar kerelpe ano
Sumnal.
 
Amen jaqek anyem pratsav so sakova hram ka del
numay yekh avazi numay sar yaver qhano hramipe
popale nikyola e metodata, gandinyem so si po
shukar te la asavko hramipe kova si pinjardo vash
sare thay janelpe sar internaciyonaluno hram.
 
Ani abeceda o duyavazya '''th''', '''ph''', '''kh''', '''qh''', na
hramisale sar yekh hram, sose ano alava shunyona
duy avazya, sar misal: '''than''', '''phen''', '''kher''', '''qhay''',
odoleske ka hraminalen ulavde, sar: '''t''' thay '''h''', '''p''' thay
'''h''', '''k''' thay '''h''', '''q''' thay '''h'''.
 
===Soske Q a na Ch===
 
But Roma ji adive hraminena o hram '''Q''' sar '''Ch''',
gandindoy so akava hramipe si po loko odoleske so
agyahar hraminelpe vi pi anglikani qhib thay
mangena te ovel sar internatiyonaluni. Amen odova
na lelem odoleske so asavko hramipe na pashlola ani
Romana qhibyaki umal.
 
Sar yekhto, amen mothavyem so amen manga yekh
hram te mothavol yekhe avaze.
 
Sar duyto, ani Romani qhib nikana na avena duy
yekhayekh konsonantya yekh pali yekh thay
odoleske amen na lelem o '''Q''' sar '''Ch'''.Akava te
mothava misaleya. Kana ka hramina: '''chhuri''', '''chhay''',
'''chhavo''', '''chhib''' ty.dikha so avena duy konsonante
yekh pali yekh, so na pashlola e Romana qhibyake
sisitemeya. Amen manga te kera i qhib agyahar sar
dendoy ola o Devel thay odoleske roda sar si olako
sistemi.
 
Akate shay te dikhen putardo so, amen te
hraminyem akala alava e hrameya '''q''', edeya var nani
amen odova problemi: ''qhuri'', '''qhay''', '''qhavo''', '''qhib'''
thay agyahar phera e qhibyake mangipya.Te puqlape
jiko soske lelem o Sh yekhethane, te moyhavav so
nikana palo '''sh''' na avela o hram – '''h''' - odoleske akate
nani amen odova problemi.
 
Sar dikhena, ani Romani abeceda si 24 hramya
kolensa shay te hraminelpe sa pi Romani qhib.
Te janglare vi odova so andro akala 24 hramya, duy
hramya nani romane thay vash olenge ka hramina po
tele (24-2).
 
===Hramengo dikhipe===
 
O hramya ulavyona ano duy grupe:
 
E grupenge anava ka mothava internaciyonalune
alavensa (latinikane) vash te halyolpe ano sa
Sumnal.
 
#'''Vokalya''' thay
#'''Konsonante'''.
O vokalya si: ''a'', ''o'', ''u'', ''e'', ''i''.
 
O konsonante si: ''b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, q, r, s, t, v, y, z''.
 
Sar dikhena, i Romani qhib therela 5 (panj) vokalya
thay 19-2 (deshuinya-duy) konsonante.
 
O vokalya ulavyona ano duy grupe:
 
#Sane avazune vokalya ( kovle);
#Thule avazune vokalya ( zorale).
 
Sane avazune vokalya si: ''e, i''.
 
Thule avazune vokalya si: ''a, o, u''.
 
Po buhle vash vokalya ka vakarelpe ko ulavdo than
ani akaya pustik.Ano akava kotor e pustikako ka
vakara numay vash vokalyengo semnipe – rola ani
Romani qhib thay disave yaver vakaripya kola
manglape te khuven ano sistemi.
 
O vokalya ani Romani qhib therena semni rola. Ol
mothavena kova alav perela ano kova yeri thay kole
yeresko alav avela palo kova vokali.
Sar misal o sano avazuno vokali - '''I''' - mothavela so o
alav kova telaryola akale hrameya, perela ano
juvlikano yeri, sar misal: '''i''' juvli, '''i''' khani, '''i''' buzni, '''i'''
gurumni ty.
 
Sar dikhena, o alava telaryona e hrameya i thay
agorinyona e hrameya '''i'''. Sakova yaver qhano
hramipe si gramatikano doshalo (nominativ).
Akate na vakara vash diyalekti, numay vash
gramatika koya si yekhutni vash sa diyalektya.
 
Te sine o hram '''i''' so arakhlola ko agor e yekhe
alavesko odova mothavela so, o alav so avela, si ano
juvlikano yeri thay odoleya putardo dikhyola so o
hram ''i'' si hram kova mothavela e juvlikane yere.
Misal: bar'''i''' phurd, lug'''i''' len, buhl'''i''' phal, sast'''i''' qhay,
Diyanak'''i''' luludi, Romyanesk'''i''' khani ty.
 
Janelpe so: i phurd, i len, i phal, i qhay, i luludi, i
khani perena juvlikane yereske thay vakarelpe:
akaya phurd, akaya len, akaya qhay, akaya luludi,
akaya khani ty.
Numay vi o alava: bari, lugi, buhli, sasti, Diyanaki,
Romyaneski ty. mothavena so palo akala alava
avena o alava kola si ano juvlikano yeri.
 
==Dosha ko vakaripa==
 
Ji adive, sakova Rom kova vakarela i Romani qhib,
vakarela agyahar sar vakarena khere, bi gandimo so
shay ka kerel gramatikani dosh ko vakaripa.
Agyahar but hramonde kola hraminena pi romani
qhib, hraminena agyahar so dena priyoriteti pere
diyalekteske bi gandimo so i Romani qhib manglape
te ovel standardizuyimi, kote manglape sa o Roma
ano Sumnal te halyon yekhe yavre agyahar sar
halyona yaver thema.
 
Khonik namanglape te holanol vay te ovel egoyisti
(kana si o puqipa yekha nasiyaki qhib, koya
manglape te ovel sarenengi qhib), vash tana mukel te
ovel agyahar sar dendili umaluni.Amen sare
manglape te dikha sar sikavela amende i gramatika
vash te kera amari qhib agyahar sar manglape.
Te theryem respekti e gramatikake (so manglape te
thera, soske yaver drom nani vash te siklolpe i
romani qhib), amen sig ka kera amari qhib agyahar
sar kerda o yaver thema.
 
Akana ka mothava disave misalya kote kerena o
Roma gramatikane dosha ko vakaripa thay akava
janindoy na dena shayipe te laqaryol i romani
qhib.Odoleske amen ani akaya pustik mothava vash
te dikhyol kote kerena o Roma gramatikane dosha
thay sar manglape te vakaryol qaqikane vash te ovol
amari qhib standardizuyimi koya ka lolpe sar
ofisiyaluni vash sa Romengo vakaripe thay hramipe.
May anglal yekh misali e vokaleya i kole lelem te
lipara po angle thay oleski rola ano hramipa thay
vakaripa.
 
Ano puqipa: '''kaski day'''? But Roma kerena dosh ko
vakaripa. Disave vakarena: ''munri day'', ''munri dey'',
''mri dey-day'', ''mungri dey-day'',… a disave agyahar
sar manglape te vakarolpe ''miri day'' vay ''mi day''.
Kana vakara ''miri'', othe halyova so avela juvlikano
yeri numay manglape te jana so sa o Roma ko harno
vakaripa phenena ''mi day'' thay odoleya dikha so
''miri day'' si o vakaripa thay hramipa odova so
manglape te la sare.
 
Akaleya putardo mothavyem vi so o hram '''i''' si hram
kova janglarela e juvlikane yere.
 
Akava shay te dikhen agyahar:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|munri day
|rowspan="8" colspan="2" align="center"|'''mi''' day = '''miri''' day
|-
|munri dey
|-
|mungri dey
|-
|mungri day
|-
|mri dey
|-
|mri day
|-
|miri day
|-
|mi day
|}
 
Akale misalske shay te da vi akava yaver misali
kova mothavela asavke vakaripaske dosha ko disave
Roma.
 
Ko puqipa kaski day, vakarelpe: ''ti day'', ''tli day-dey'',
''tri day-dey'', ''tiri day''… numay sar dikhyola vi
akate o vakaripa ''ti day'' thay ''tiri day'' si o vakaripa
kova manglape te lolpe ani standardizuyimi qhib
soske sa o Roma vakarena harne ''ti day''. Akava shay
te dikha agyahar.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Ti day
|rowspan="4" colspan="2" align="center"|'''Ti''' day = '''Tiri''' day
|-
|Tli day-dey
|-
|Tri day-dey
|-
|Tiri day
|}
 
Sar lelem te mothava e sane avazune vokalyengi
rola, mothava vi e rola kova therela o vokali e, kote
but Roma kerena dosh kana vakarena, poshukar te
phena so na vakarena agyahar sar mangela Romana
qhibyako sistemi vash te ovel I qhib
standardizuyimi.
 
But Roma gandinen so o vokali '''e''' mothavela o butipa
ani Romani qhib, numay i gramatike mothavela
yaver thay disave Roma kola o butipa lena yaver
vokaleya ol vakarena gramatikane agyahar sar
manglape, numay odova ka muthava kana ava ko
yaver vokalya thay ko butipa.
 
O vokali '''e''' (prefiksi) arakhlola anglo iripe e
puqipasko kana puqelape: '''Kaske''', '''kasta''', '''kase''',
'''kaski''', '''kasko''' ty.
 
Sar misal:
 
'''Kaske''' si akala luludya?
 
– e Diyana'''ke''' (dativ, juvlikano yeri, yekhipe).
 
– e Romyan'''eske''' ( dativ, murshikano yeri,
yekhipe).
 
– e phur'''enge''' ( dativ, mursh. thay juvlikano yeri,
butipa).
 
– e tern'''enge''' (dativ, murshikano thay juvlikano
yeri, butipa).
 
Sar dikhena ano angluno misali, angluno puqipasko
iripe telaryola e hrameya – '''e''' - thay ko agor e
iripasko avela popale o hram - '''e''' -. Akava ovela ko
murshikano thay juvlikano yeri. Agyahar vi ko
yekhipe thay butipa. Akava mothavela so, ko
telyaripe thay ko agor e alavesko avela sano
avazuno vokali kova perela ani yekh grupa e
vokalyengi.
 
Ano amaro misali sar murshikano agyahar vi
juvlikano yeri, agorinyona e vokaleya e. Odova
ovela vi ko butipa.
Ko juvlikano yeri ko yekhipe, ko agor avela o
sufiksi – '''ake''' - jik ko murshikano yeri ko yekhipe,
ko agor avela o sufiksi – '''eske''' -. Ko butipa akava
sufiksi ovela – '''enge''' -.
 
Misali 2.
 
'''Kasta''' kinyan akala luludya?
 
- e Diyana'''ta''' (ablativ, juvlikano yeri, yekhipe).
 
- e Romyanes'''ta'''( ablativ, mursh. yeri,
yekhipe).
 
- e phuren'''da''' (ablativ, mursh. thay juvl.
yer.butipa)
 
- e ternen'''da''' (ablativ, mursh. thay juv. yer.
butipa.)
 
Ko duyto misal o iripe ovela pale e hrameya – '''e''' -
numay agorinyola e sufikseya – '''ta''' - odoleske so o
puqipa kasta agorinyola e hramensa – '''ta''' - thay
odoleske vi o iripe agorinyola e sufikseya – '''ta''' - sar
ko murshikano agyahar vi ko juvlikano yeri ko
yekhipe. Jik ko butipa anglal avela o hram - '''e''' -
numay o sufiksi akana ovela – '''da''' – sar ko
murshikano, agyahar vi ko juvlikano yeri.
 
Misali 3.
 
'''Kase''' muklan khere?
 
- e Diyan'''a''' (akuzativ, juvlikano yeri,
yekhipe).
 
- e Romyan'''e''' (aku.mursh. yeri, yekhipe).
 
- e phure'''n''' (aku.mursh. & juv. yeri, butipa).
 
- e terne'''n''' (aku.mursh.& juv. yeri. butipa.)
 
Ko trinto misali, pale o iripe ovela e hrameya – '''e''' -
numay juvlikano yeri agorinyola e hrameya – '''a''' -
murshikano yeri e hrameya – '''e''' - jik o butipa sar ko
juvlikano agyahar vi ko murshikano yeri agorinyola
e sufikseya – '''en''' -.
 
Misali 4.
 
'''Kaski''' siyan?
 
- e Diyan'''aki''' ( genitiv,
juv.yeri,yekhipe).
 
- e Romyan'''eski''' ( gen.mur.yeri,yekhipe).
 
- e phuren'''gi''' (gen. juv.yer.but.)
 
- e ternen'''gi''' (gen.juv.but.)
 
Ko shtarto misal popale o iripe ovela e hrameya – '''e'''
- numay juvlikano yeri ko yekhipe agorinyola e
sufikseya – '''aki''' -, murshikano yeri e sufikseya –
'''eski''' -, o butipa e sufikseya – '''gi''' –('''engi''').
Sar dikhena, o puqipa ovela ko juvlikano yeri
(kask'''i''') kote o hram – '''i''' - avela ko agor, odoleske, ko
agor e iripasko pale avela o hram – '''i'''. Akava ovela
kana mothavena sar vash murshikano yeri agyahar
vi vash juvlikano yeri, sar ano yekhipe agyahar vi
ko butipa.
 
Misali 5.
 
'''Kasko''' siyan?
 
- e Diyan''ako'' (gen.juv.yer. yekhipe).
 
- e Romyan'''esko''' (gen.mursh.yer.yekh.).
 
- e phuren'''go''' ( gen. mursh. yer.butipa).
 
- e ternen'''go''' ( gen. mursh. yer.butipa).
 
Ko panjto misal popale o iripe ovela e hrameya - '''e''' -
numay juvlikano yeri agorinyola e sufikseya – '''ako''' -
murshikano yeri e sufikseya – '''esko''' - jik o butipa e
sufikseya – '''go''' – ('''engo'''), kana puqelpe murshikano
yeri.Akate putardo dikhyola so o vokalya ani
Romani qhib si but phanle yekhe yavre thay
manglape te siklolpe olengo phandipe sar so
sikavyem ko misalya.
 
Akava shay te mothavolpe vi tabelaya:
 
O misala kotar 1-5 mothavde ani yekh tabela
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|1.dativ ||e Diyanake
|-
|2.ablativ ||e Diyanata
|-
|3.akuzativ ||e Diyana
|-
|4-5.genitiv ||e Diyanaki, e Diyanako
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|1.dativ ||e Romyaneske
|-
|2.ablativ ||e Romyanesta
|-
|3.akuzativ ||e Romyane
|-
|4-5.genitiv ||e Romyaneski, e Romyanesko
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|1.dativ ||e phurenge
|-
|2.ablativ ||e phurenda
|-
|3.akuzativ ||e phuren
|-
|4-5.genitiv ||e phurengi, e phurengo
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|1.dativ ||e ternenge
|-
|2.ablativ ||e ternenda
|-
|3.akuzativ ||e ternen
|-
|4-5.genitiv ||e ternengi, e ternengo
|}
 
Vash te halyon disave Roma o dosha ano vakaripa
shukar si te mothavyol vi akava.Kana palo alav
avela o hram '''e''', palo odova niyekh var na avela
juvlikano yeri ko yekhipe.Disave Roma ko vakaripa
kerena asavke dosha thay odoleske manglape te
janglon vi ol.Sar misal. Kana vakaren: '''olake qhay''',
sar shunyola ano disave gila ty. akate ovela dosh.O
hram e akate mothavela so palo odova alav shay te
avol murshikano yeri ko yekhipe thay butipa, thay
shay te avol juvlikano yeri ko butipa, a na juvlikano
yeri ko yekhipe. Misalake: '''olake qhave, olake qhaven, olake qhaya, olake qhayen''' ty.
 
Vash te avol yekhipe ko juvlikano yeri edeya var
manglape te ovel '''olaka qhaya'''. O paluno hram '''a'''
janglarela e juvlikane yere ko yehipe.
Akate shay te lipara vi disave harnipa kola
vakaryona ani Romani qhib kola but var biminsakobijande,
himinena e manushengi godi.
 
O harnipa mashkar yaver kote kerelpe dosha si vi:
 
-'''pi, po, pe, pa, le, la''' kola ko qaqipe si:
 
-'''piri, poro-pordo, -pere, para, ole, akale, odole, akala, odola, ola''', kola mothavena so palo :
 
-'''pi – piri''' avela juv.yeri;
 
-'''po- poro – pordo''' avela mursh. yeri;
 
-'''pe- pere''' avela murshukano yeri ko yekhipa, thay
murshikano thay juvlikano yeri ko butipa a na avela
juvlikano yeri ko yekhipe sar mothavyem po upre.
 
-'''pa-para''' mothavela so avela juv. yeri ko yekhipe.
 
-'''le-ole''' avela mursh.yeri yekhipe;
 
-'''le – akale''' avela mursh. yeri yekhipe;
 
-'''le – odole''' avela mursh. yeri yekhipe, murshikano
yeri butipa thay juvikano yeri butipa;
 
-'''la - akala''' avela juv.yeri yekhipe, juv. yeri butipa,
mursh. yeri butipa;
 
-'''la-odola''' avela juv.yeri yekhipe, juv.yeri butipa,
mursh. butipa;
 
-'''la-ola''' avela juv.yeri yekhipe.
 
==Thule vokalengi rola ani Romani qhib==
 
Sar mothavyem angle, thule avazune vokalya si: '''a, o, u'''.
 
O murshikano yeri ani Romani qhib mothavlape e
thule avazeya '''O''', sar misal: '''o qhavo, o Rom, o grast, o jukhol''' ty. soske vakarelpe: '''akava''' qhavo,
'''akava''' Rom, '''akava''' grast, '''akava''' jukhol ty.
Sar dikhena, murshikano yeri ani Romani qhib
telaryola e thule avazune vokaleya thay agoruno
vokali si sakana thulo (nominativ).
 
But var o Roma vakarindoy ko murshikano yeri
kerena dosha so na pashlola e Romana gramatikake,
sar misal, disave Roma ko vakaripe phenena: '''Miro
dad, munro dad, mungro dad''',…, jik disave
vakarena agyahar sar manglape, '''moro dad''' vay '''mo dad'''; janelpe so sa o Roma vakaren harne '''mo dad'''
thay odoleske '''moro''' harne vakarelpe '''mo’'''.
 
Kana disave Roma vakarena: '''tiro dad, tro dad, tlo dad''', pale kerelape dosh. Jik disave Roma vakarena
'''toro dad, to dad''', kova si qaquno iripe, soske kotar
'''toro''' avela o harno vakaripa '''to'''. Akate o alav telaryola
thule avazune vokaleya thay agorinyola thule
avazune vokaleya (nominativ).Asavko vakaripe thay
hramipe manglape te khuvel ani standardizuimi
Romani qhib vash te hramina sare yekh.
 
Akava shay te dikhen agyahar:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Miro dad
|rowspan="5" colspan="2" align="center"|'''Mo''' dad = '''Moro''' dad
|-
|Munro dad
|-
|'''Moro''' dad
|-
|'''Mo''' dad
|-
|Mungro dad
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Tiro dad
|rowspan="5" colspan="2" align="center"|'''To''' dad = '''Toro''' dad
|-
|Tro dad
|-
|'''Toro''' dad
|-
|'''To''' dad
|-
|Tlo dad
|}
 
But Roma o butipa kerena e sane avazune vokaleya
'''e''', jik disave odova kerena e thule avazune vokaleya
'''o''' so pashlola Romana gramatikake thay e metodake.
Sar misal, disave Roma phenena: '''e''' Roma, '''e''' juvla, '''e'''
mursha, '''e''' khanya ty.
 
Numay disave phenena: '''o''' Roma, '''o''' juvla, '''o''' mursha,
'''o''' khanya ty.
 
Ji akana dikhlem so, kana o alava telaryona e sane
avazune vokaleya, ol agorinyonay e sane avazune
vokaleya thay kana telaryonay thule avazune
vokaleya, agorinyonay thule avazune vokaleya
(nominativ).
 
Ano akala misalya putardo dikhyola so o Roma kola
vakarena o butipa e sane avazune vokaleya e, kerena
gramatikani dosh, soske o alava telarena e sane
avazune vokaleya kana ov agorinyola e thule
avazune vokaleya. Odoleske o Roma kola kerena o
butipa e thule avazune vokaleya '''O''', ol kerena
agyahar sar mangela i Romani gramatika.
 
O butipa ki Romani qhib ovela e avazeya '''O''', sar ko
mushikano agyahar vi ko juvlikano yeri. Sar misal: o
mursha, o juvla, o qhaya, o daya, o romnya, o
khanya, o thuda ty.Akate dikha so anglo sakova alav
avela o thulo vokali - o - thay o liparde alava
telaryona e thule vokaleya vi agorinyona e thule
vokaleya ( nominativ).
 
Numay si vi alava kola na pashlona akale sistemeske
(ko butipa), sar misal: o qhave, o maqe, o jukle;
numay sar po but e 80% pashlola akale sistemeske
amen lelem akava sar metoda a jana so sakova Rom
kova vakarla Romane pe khereste ka janel akava te
ulavel.But si semno so akava sistemi lelpe sakana ko
'''nominativ''' soske ko '''akuzativ''' avela anglo alav o
vokali e thay akava si odova so but Roma nashti
ulaven.
 
Te lelilo '''e''' sar butipasko semno, edeya var o
nominativ ko butipa ovela e '''qhave''' kova si yekh e
akuzativeya ko yekhipe.Akate putardo dikhyola kote
ovela i dosh.
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Nominativ: o qhavo || o qhave
|-
|Akuzativ: e qhave ||e qhaven
|}
 
'''Disave janglaripa vash kana ovela puqipa ko
yekhipe thay butipa'''
 
Ko puqipa: '''Kay nakhe''', kay siyan thay '''kay sinay'''? –
irinelpe: '''ki''' Diyana vay '''ko''' Romyan.
 
Akate dikhyola so kana irinelpe ko juvlikano yeri,
sakana avela '''ki''' anglo iripe, jik o iripe ko
murshikano yeri ovela e hramensa '''ko''' anglo iripe.
Ko butipa sakana avela o '''ko''' sar ko misala : '''ko'''
mursha, '''ko''' juvla, '''ko''' qhaya, '''ko''' diza, '''ko''' gava ty.
(Lokativ).
 
Kana puqelpe: '''Kaske qhave'''? Irinelpe: '''oleske'''
qhave, '''olake''' qhave, '''akalenge''' qhave, '''olenge''' qhave,
'''okolenge''' qhave ty (dativ). Akate muthavela so ko
puqipa '''Kaske''', ko agor avela o sano avazuno vokali
e sar ko murshikano iripe agyahar vi ko juvlikano
iripe, akava ovela sar ko yekhipe agyahar vi ko
butipa.Numay ko murshikano iripe avela o sufiksi
'''eske''', ko juvlikano iripe o sufiksi '''ake''', thay ko butipa
o sufiksi '''enge'''.
 
Akava misali lelem vash te mothava e Romenge
kola o puqipe kerena sar manglape numay o irinipe
kerena doshale.
 
Kana puqelpe '''kaske''', '''kaski''', nashti te irinelpe ola'''q'''e
vay ola'''q'''i ty. soske o '''ke''' thay '''ki''' duy agorune
puqipaske hramya, mothavena sar manglape te
irinelpe.Ano amare misala akava iripe ka ovel ola'''ke'''
thay ola'''ki'''.
 
O konsonanti L
 
Ani Romani qhib o konsonanti '''L''' therela but semno
phandipe e vokalyensa, kola muthavena olesko avazi
duy qhane.
 
1.Kana palo konsonanti '''L''' avela thulo avazuno
vokali ( '''a,o,u''' ) ov drabaryola sar ko misala :
 
'''kalo, mulo, lolo, balo''', ty.
 
'''laqo, balal, palal, lajal''' ty.
 
'''lugo, luludi, luno, paluno''' ty.
 
Numay kana palo konsonanti '''L''' avela sano avazuno
vokali ( '''e, i''' ) ov sakana drabaryola sar ko misala:
 
'''lima, brli, thuli, mukli''' ty.
 
'''len, bale, kale, thule''' ty.
 
Ano disave thana kana palo '''L''' avela thulo avazuno
vokali, o konsonanti '''L''' shay te drabaryol sar kana si
palo leste o sano avazuno vokali, misal: '''Halum, gelum, muklum''' ty.Ano asavke misalya shay te
qhivelpe yekh semno ko thulo avazuno vokali kova
mothavela so o konsonanti manglape te drabaryol
sar so si palo leste sano avazuno vokali ( agyahar
kerde yaver thema ko telyaripe kola therde akava
problemi kana kerde pi qhib, numay kana o manusha
siklile akava sistemi, akana na thovena akava semno
pordo vokali), sar misal: '''Halûm, gelûm, muklûm'''
ty.Amen pakya so sakova Rom ka janol odova thay
niyekh Rom kova vakarla i Romani qhib pe
khereste, na ka kerel dosh ko drabaripe. Akava
sistemi (sar mothavyem angleder) si vi ko yaver
qhiba thay odoleske amen lelem vash te lokyara
Romana qhibyako hramipe thay drabaripe a odoleya
respektina vi o phandlipe kole lelem vash hramipa.
 
==Vokalyenge thana mashkar konsonantya==
 
Kana vakaryola thay hraminyola i Romani qhib, o
vokalya nikana na avena yekh pali yekh. Akava si
but semno te janelpe thay adikarindoy akava sistemi
amen ka hramina thay drabara i Romani qhib po
melodikane, soske oy si korkori melodikani.Olaki
melodiya namanglape te nashala hramindoy thay
drabarindoy doshale.
 
Romane alava sakana therena yekh konsonanti
mashkar duy vokalya.
 
Mashkar duy vokalya, mashkar yaver konsonantya
may but arakhlona akala konsonantya - '''n, y, s, sh, h, t''' thay '''k'''.
 
Disave Roma vash te nashen e hramipasta, but var
hana e konsonanten agyahar so na hraminenalen,
vakarindoy so ol shunyona vi bi hramimo. Maybut
nashelpe e hramipasta kana avela duy agorune
vokalya, mashkar kolende manglape te khuven o
konsonante kolen upre liparyem, numay odova
kerena vi kana manglape anglo alav te liparen
deyekh uprelipardo konsonanti (hram) ol na
vakarena vay hana o konsonanti sar misal o Y napal
ovela '''metateza''' thay o orginaluno alav vakaryola
doshaya.Ano misalya: yiv, yevend, yaro, yakh,
ty.but Roma vakarena:iv,evend,aro vay, arno, akh
vay ayk, ty.
 
Akana ka sikava disave yaver misalya vash liparde
konsonantya: Ko puqipa '''kasa'''? irinelpe: '''qhavea, qhaveya, qhavesa, qhaveha''' ty.
 
Ano angluno iripe dikhyola so duy vokalya avena
yekh palo yekh thay amen shay te phena so na
pherela e gramatikako mangipa, numay o yaver trin
qhana, pherena e gramatikako mangipe khuvindoy
mashkar vokalya o dende konsonante. Shukar sine
mashkar akala vokalya te lelpe o konsonanti y kova
kotar vakaripaski melodiya pashlola po shukar,
numay shay te hraminenpe vi o yaver konsonate
kolen liparyem angle, soske ol pherena e
gramatikako mangipe. Kerindoy akala metodaya
buti, pakyav so sakova Rom ka halyol o hramipe.
 
Sar dikhlen po upre, mashkar duy vokalya
sakana avela yekh konsosnanti, numay disave roma
but var ko vakaripa aqhona ano lelutno konsonanti
vi edeya var kana manglape te vakaren o agorutno
vokali vay but var kana namanglape te len o
konsonanti, ol shunyarenale thay akava kerela vi
disave Romengo vakaripe te ciden ano doshalo
vakaripa thay halyovipa.Sar misal, disave Roma
sakana thovena o hram s ano alava: '''keras, maras, thovas, aves''' ty. Numay akava si yekh hram kova
khuvela mashkar duy vokalya sar vakaryem po angle
thay o Roma odova nashti ulaven.O uprune misalya
manglape te vakarelpe agyahar:'''kera, mara, thova, ave''' ty.kova pashlola e sistemeya.Te lele o roma o s
sar paluno hram edeya var manglape te len vi o '''a''' sar
agoruno hram thay edeya var ka dikhen kote ovela i
dosh, sar misal: '''kerasa, marasa, thovasa, avesa'''.
 
Jik disave Roma akava vakarena agyahar, odola
kola thovena o '''y''' mashkar duy vokalya ka vakaren
sar : '''keraya, maraya, thovaya, aveya'''. Jik odola
kola thovena o '''h''' mashkar vokalya ka vakaren
agyahar: '''keraha, maraha, thovaha, aveha'''.
 
Akate putardo dikyola so o vakaripya si olen yaver
yaver mothavipe.Jik yekh mothavela so i buti ovela
ano akanutno vakti (kera) o duyto muthavela so i
buti ka ovel ano avutno vakti (kerasa, keraya,
keraha).
 
==Personalune pronomya==
 
Dosha kola ovena ano personalune pronomya ka
mothava vash te halyoven po shukar, soske thay sar
manglape te la o hramipa vash amaro sistemi.
 
Personalune pronomya si:
 
'''Me,Tu''' (Tumen), '''Ov, Oy, Amen, Tumen, Ol'''.
 
Yekhipe: '''Me, Tu''' (Tumen), '''Ov, Oy'''.
 
Butipa: '''Amen, Tumen, Ol'''.
 
Akava shay te mothava vi agyahar:
 
Yekh. - But.
 
'''Me''' – '''Amen'''
'''Tu''' (Tumen) - '''Tumen'''
'''Ov''' – '''Ol'''
'''Oy''' – '''Ol'''
 
'''Mothavipa''': Ano disave diyalektya o personalune
pronomya '''Ov, Oy, Ol''' shunyona sar '''Vov, Voy''' thay
'''On'''. Akava shay te mothava agyahar:
 
'''Ov''' = '''Vov'''
'''Oy''' = '''Voy'''
'''Ol''' = '''On'''
 
Vash te siklolpe yekh qhib po loke, manglape te ovel
yekh sistemi kova ka mothavel soske hraminelpe
vay soske lelpe agyahar.
 
Ano amare misalya amen lelem e romengo vakaripa
kola vakarena o personalune pronomya '''Ov, Oy''' thay
'''Ol''' odoleske so sakova personaluno pronomi
telaryola e hramensa '''O''' kova si but po loko te
adikrolpe ani godi a vi odoleske so o butipa vash
trinto jeno ovela e persunalune pronomeya '''Ol''' kova
pashlola ani gramatika.
 
Kotar personaluno pronomi '''Ol''', ko parudipe ovela
sar misal: '''olengo, olengi, olensa''' ty. Akate putardo
dikhyola so o hram '''L''' kova si duyto hram ko butipa,
sakote avela sar duyto hram ko sa parudipa thay si
but logikano te lelpe akava hramipe thay vakaripe,
jik o hram – '''n''' - sar vakarena disave Roma, na
shunyola ko parudipe.
 
Personalune pronomya '''Me''' thay '''Amen''' parudinyona
agyahar:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''YEKHIPASTE'''||'''BUTIPASTE'''
|-
|Me||Amen
|-
|1. Nom.------Me||1. Nom.------Amen
|-
|2.Gen.-Moro-miri-mere||2. Gen. ------Amaro-i-e
|-
|3. Abl. ------Manda||3. Abl. ------ Amenda
|-
|4. Dat. ------Mange||4. Dat. ------ Amenge
|-
|5. Aku.------Mande||5. Aku.------ Amende
|-
|6. Vok. ------ nane||6. Vok. ------ nane
|-
|7. Ins.---Mansa - Manca||7.Ins...Amensa-Amenca
|-
|8. Lok. ------Ka-mande||8. Lok. ----- Ka-mende
|}
 
 
Personalune pronomengo '''Tu''' thay '''Tumen'''
parudinyona agyahar:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''YEKHIPASTE'''||'''BUTIPASTE'''
|-
|Tu||Tumen
|-
|1. Nom.------Tu||1. Nom.------Amen
|-
|2.Gen.-Toro-tiri-tere||2. Gen. ------Tumaro-i-e
|-
|3. Abl. ------Tuta||3. Abl. ------ Tumenda
|-
|4. Dat. ------Tuke||4. Dat. ------ Tumenge
|-
|5. Aku.------Tute||5. Aku.------ Tumende
|-
|6. Vok. ------ Tu!||6. Vok. ------ Tumen!
|-
|7. Ins.---Tuya (va,sa)||7.Ins...--Tumensa (ca)
|-
|8. Lok. ------ka Tute||8. Lok. ----- ka Tumende
|}
 
Trinte jeneske personalune pronomengo parudipe
ovela agyahar:
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''YEKHIPASTE'''||'''BUTIPASTE'''
|-
|Ov||Ol
|-
|1. Nom.------Ov||1. Nom.------Ol
|-
|2.Gen.-Olesko-i-e||2. Gen. ------Olengo-i-e
|-
|3. Abl. ------Olesta||3. Abl. ------ Olenda
|-
|4. Dat. ------Oleske||4. Dat. ------ Olenge
|-
|5. Aku.------Ole||5. Aku.------ Olen
|-
|6. Vok. ------ nane||6. Vok. ------ nane
|-
|7. Ins.---Oleya||7.Ins...--Olensa (ca)
|-
|8. Lok. ------ko Oleste||8. Lok. ----- ko Olende
|}
 
==K vay Q==
 
Sakoya qhib therela diyalektya thay mashkar
diyalektya sakana hi(si) diso ( variso) so na paslola
yekhe yavre. Tana ovlay agyahar, na akharyonay
diyalektya.Numay kana sakova Rom mangela poro
diyalekti te ovol angluno thay gandindoy so poro
diyalekti si may shukar, khuvela inati mashkar
Roma thay i qhib aqhola palal. Amen tana ulem
godyale te kera amari qhib, khonik na ka kerel ola. Ji
adive but qhiba kerdile thay arakhlile may shukar
sistemya vash te laqarolpe i qhib thay te ovol i qhib
hramimi sar standarduni vash sare. Amenge aqhola
te dikha so kerde yaver thema thay vi amen te
telyara olengo drom ko qhibyako anglikeripa.
 
Akate ka vakara vash disave bihalyovipe mashkar
Roma, kola sakova mangela te ovel oleske
diyalekteste, numay amen ka sikava o sistemi kova
lelilo ko yaver qhiba thay ka lokyara vay ka
pakyakara so qaqek agyahar manglape te
hraminelpe.
 
May anglal ka la o alava kola telaryona e hramensa
k & q.
Disave Roma vakarena '''k''' anglo alava : '''kher, kiral,
khil, kirmo''' ty. jik disave Roma vakaren: '''qher,
qiral, qhil, qirmo'''.
Sar dikhena, ano akala alava numay anglune hramya
hraminyona yaver qhane.
 
Ano qhiba kola therena akala problemya, ol kerde
yekh sistemi, agyahar so lele yekh hram, sar misal o
'''k''', kova hraminelpe ani hramuni qhib, jik o vakaripa
pale sakova shay te vakarel pe khereste sar mangela.
Akala hramya arakhlona vi mashkar alava thay
odoleske manglape sakote te lelpe akava sistemi.
Kerindoy agyahar, keryolape shkolako sistemi kote
sare ka hramina '''k''' ano akala alava thay ambori palo
disave bersha vi o Roma kola vakarna ko '''q''' pe
kherende ka len akava sistemi.Sar mothavyem ani
tabela po angle, vash o sistemi kova lelilo upre,
kova muthavdilo qaqikano, o Roma kola vakarena
odole sistemeya ano akanutno misal vakarena ano '''k'''
thay odoleske amen phena so si po qaquno te lelpe o
'''k''' a na o q, a kana janolpe so si o '''vakaripa ko k''' po
purano e vakaripasta ko '''q'''.
 
==Q & Sh==
 
Disave Roma kana vakarena ko '''q''', o yavera, o '''q'''
vakarena sar '''sh''', sar ko misala: '''qhib, qhuri, qhavo''',
jik o yaver vakaren: '''shib, shuri, shavo'''. Sar po but
diyalektya vakaren ko '''q''' shukar sine sare te len o
sistemi hramipasko ko '''q''' thay agyahar sare ka jana te
hramina asavke alava ko siklovipasko sistemi.
 
==G & J==
 
Ko vakaripa mashkar Romane diyalektya si vi o
problemi so disave Roma vakarena '''g''' kana o yaver
vakarena '''j''', sar misal: '''gelem, gili, olenge, mange''' ty.
jik disave vakarena : '''jelem, jili, olenje, manje''' ty.
Shukar sine sare te len o '''g''' ko siklovipasko sistemi
soske o Roma kola vakarena upre anavune sistemeya
vakarena ko '''g''', numay vi o yaver thema kola therde
akala problemya agyahar lele o '''g''' soske mothavdilo
po reyaluno. Agyahar kerindoy dive po dive ka
khuvel ano sakova kher sar siklovipasko sistemi.
 
==Kana shunyola dy, gy, jy te lelpe numay o y==
 
Ani Romani qhib si disave alava ano kolengo
andripe si disave alavenge kotora kola shunyona
yaver qhanen numay ko yekh hram.Vash te ovol
amen yekh hramutni qhib, manglape te la yekhe
qhano hramipe vash te khuvel ani standarduni qhib.
Ano alava: khuv-'''dy'''-an, khuv-'''gy'''-an, khuv-'''jy'''-an,
vakar-'''dy'''-an, vakar-'''gy'''-an,vakar-'''jy'''-an, ty. shunyola
o '''dy, gy, jy''', kola manglape te phanlon ano
sistemi.Sar dikhena ano so trin vakaripa palo
hramya '''d, g, j''' shunyola o hram '''y''', kova shunyola po
but e anglune hramendar. Odoleske so trin hramya
shukar si te peren ano asavke misalya thay te vakara
numay ko y kova lokyarela e romengo vakaripa
numay shay te vakarelpe vi numay ko '''d''' kova
shunyola ano pobut alava.
 
Numay kana shunyona numay o '''d, j, g''', a odova
ovela maybut ko yekhipe, edeya var ka lelpe numay
o '''d'''. Misala. po'''d'''i, po'''g'''i, po'''j'''i, vay lulu'''d'''i, lulu'''g'''i,
lulu'''j'''i, ty.Ano asavke misalya ka lelpe numay o '''d'''
thay akate hramina po'''d'''i, lulu'''d'''i kova khuvela
hramipasko sistemi.
 
Asavko vakaripa vakarena disave Roma thay amen
lelem odoleske akava sistemi sar may loko vash te
pherel e Romengo mangipe.O Roma kola vakarena
agyahar si odole Romengo vakaripa kola pherena e
sistemesko mangipa sar mothavyem po upre.
 
==Tena vakarolpe ko diminutivi (tiknyaripe) bi minsako==
 
But Roma a maybut ki Makedoniya vakarena ko
diminutiv kova shay pashlola hari e Makedonikana
qhibyaka umalake thay odova kerindoy nashena e
Romana qhibyaka sistemesta. Vakarindoy ko
diminutiv ol telekerena vay tiknyarena e manushen
ano vakaripa, deyekh var shay bi jando, odoleske sa
o Roma kola vakarena sakana ko diminutiv
manglape te kontrolinen po vakaripa.
 
Kana pobut Roma vakarena: '''qhavo, dad, day, qhay, olengo, murshengo, Romyanesko, Diyanako'''
ty. odova disave vakarena thovindoy o sufiksi '''ro, ri, ori''' e alavenge thay agyahar o upreliparde alava
ovena: '''qhavoro, dadoro, dayori, qhayori, olengoro, murshengoro, Romnyaneskoro, Diyanakoro''' ty. Amen sare jana so, sa so si tikno si
kamlo, shukar, pashe e jeneske ty. numay asavko
hramipe vay vakaripa shay te liparyol vi vash
bilaqipe, tiknyaripe e jenengo, koshipe thay yaver
kova purminela sa o gandipa. Ko diminutiv shay te
vakarolpe kana o manusha kamena pe qhave thay
kamipasta kharenale qhavo'''ro''' vash te usharen pe
qhave vay vash te mothaven po kamipe poleste,
numay si alava vay situaciye kola vakarindoy e
sufikseya mangena te tiknyaren jikase kana ovela
deyekh koshiba, mariba vay deyekh yaver bilaqipe
edeya var o roma vakarena so si ov qhavo'''ro''' ( nani
baro) vash tana dikhelpe but. Odoleske manglape
but te dikholpe kana vakarolpe ko diminutiv. Kana
vakarolpe: rom-'''oro''', romn-'''ori''' ty. Akate na
gandinelpe ko shukaripa numay ko tiknyaripe,
prastavipe, koshipa ty. Odoleske manglape te
ulavelpe normaluno vakaripe e diminutivune
vakaripasta.
 
Shay te vakarolpe vi akava so, o Roma kola
vakarena bi thanesko ko diminutiv, but var na lena o
angluno hram e alavesko sar misal o o thay odova
thovena ano agor.Sar misal o alava :olako, olesko,
olengo ty. vakarena sar: lako-ro, lesko-ro, lengo-ro
ty. so na pashlola e gramatikake.
 
==Panda disave janglaripe vash disave sufiksya==
 
Kana disave Roma vakarena: '''rodipe, khelipe, maripe''' ty.disave Roma akala alava vakarena sar:
rodimos, khelimos, marimos, ty. jik disave yaver
Roma akala alava vakarena sar: '''rodimata, khelimata, marimata''' ty.
 
Te dikhlem akate o shtorso e alavengo, dikha so ano
trin vakaripa o shtorso si yekh. Akala alava avena
kotar shtorso: '''rod, khel, mar'''. Sar amen roda odova
so pashlola po but amare sistemeske thay Romana
gramatikake, ano asavke vakaripa ano sistemi ka
khuvel o vakaripa: '''rodipe, khelipe, maripe''' ty. kova
pashlola gramatikake thay upre liparde sistemeske.
 
Disave Roma ano vakaripa kova pashlola e Romana
gramatikake, sar misal: gindo-ginde, disave Roma
akale alavesko butipa kerena sar gindo-gindura.
Asavko vakaripe na pashlola ani amari gramatika
thay o Roma kola vakarena gindo-ura vay jindo-dura
manglape te vakaren gindo-e sar mothavyem angle.
 
==J - Ž ( srbikani)==
 
Kana disave Roma vakarena: '''janav, juvli, jukhol, jamutro''' ty. o yaver vakarena: '''žanav, žuvli, žukhol, žamutro''' ty.
 
Sar so dikhena, numay o anglune hramya si
yaver.Ani romani qhib o hram '''ž''' vakaryola numay
ano odola rashtre kola therena akava hram thay ov
shunyola kvash avazuno odoleske o Roma kola
vakarena ko '''ž''' manglape te vakaren ko '''j''' kova si
qaqutno Romano, soske o hram '''ž''' nani Romana
qhibyako hram. Akava hram shunyola ko gajikane
alava thay akaleya sida e dilema koya ji akana
phiravdili ko Roma.
 
Disave alava kola bistardile pi Romani qhib, butvar
olen purminena o gajikane alava kolen manglape te
hramina agyahar sar hraminyona ano qhiba kotar
avela o alav,vay te shay Romane hramensa.
 
==O hramya C & F==
 
Kana hraminelpe i Romani qhib, disave hramya po
but var hraminyon, odoleske so po but var arakhenpe
ano alava, numay disave hramya but hari
arakhenpe, jik ko disave diyalektya vi na shunyona.
Akate vakarelpe vash hramya '''c''' thay '''f''' kola but hari
arakhlona ano hramipe.
 
O hram '''c''' sar misal arakhelpe ano disave alava kote
shay te purminyol e hrameya s kova shunyola ano
disave diyalektya. Sar misal: '''curula, cidipe, olenca, malenca''' ty. kolen shay te hramina: '''surula, sidipe, olensa, malensa''' ty. '''kova ko reyaliteti shunyola ano disave Romane diyalektya'''.
 
O hram '''c''' khuvdoy ano romengo vakaripe palo
niklovipe e Indiyatar.Oleske thane sakana vakardilo
thay adive vakaryola '''s''' thay odoleske amen manga
popale te aqhol odova orginaliteti e vakaripasko kote
sakote kote shunyola o hram '''s''' te purminyol e
hrameya '''s'''. Agyahar kerindoy amen ka vakara
Romane sar Roma a na sar gaje.
 
O hram '''f''' shunyola ano gajikane alava kola khuvde
ani Romani qhib.Sar najanelpe olengi qaquni
Romani verziya, amen ka hramina olen agyahar sar
hraminyola ano qhiba kotar avena.Sar misal o alava:
'''fabrika, felyastra, folklori, fudbali''' ty. nani
Romane alava numay vash te thera akala alava ani
Romani qhib, amen manglape te hramina olen sar
mothavyem upre.O hram '''f''' nani Romano hram.
 
Amen hramindoy agyahar sar vakaryem po upre ka
sida panda duy hramya kola nani Romane thay
amari qhib ka hraminyol numay 22 hramensa thay
agyahar ka mothavyol qaqikane disave rodlardengo
mothavipe so o Roma yekh vakti hraminde 23
hramensa.Ani amari abeceda o 23. hram si '''sh''' kole
amen hraminyem e hramensa '''s''' thay '''h''' a pakya so
amare phure odova hraminde yaverqhane.
 
Vash i teza so o Roma hraminde 23 hramensa shay
te drabaren ani pustik “Seoba Roma” kotar Dr.
Rajko Juric, ki rig 229, kote hraminela: “ si disave
rodlarde sar o Ž.A. Dekurdemans kova mothavela
vash Romengo hramipa e 23 hramensa (hiyeroglifya) numay olesko asavko dikhipe qhudena
but rodlarde.”
 
'''Amen odova na qhuda, numay pakya thay olako qaqipa mothavyem hramindoy akaya pustik'''.
 
Vash te dopsinav akava kotor, manglape te
mothavav so ji akana na lipardilo niyekh diyalekti
kana mothavyem o sistemi.Odova keryem odoleske
so o Roma na dikhena so si o qaqipa numay dikhena
vash savo diyalekti vakarelpe thay bi kerde
kodifikaciya vakarena so olengo diyalekti si may
shukar thay sare manglape te vakaren thay te
hraminen sar so vakarena ol. Numay si vi odola
Roma, kola janindoy o qaqipa na tharena o dud e
qaqipasko diket garavena odova ani tomina
mothavindoy so si ol niyamune.
 
Amen janindoy akava oproblemi, nashlem odolesta,
ano kova diyalekti sar vakaryola, thay diyalektyenge
thane vakaryem so o Roma vakarena agyahar thay
amen manglape te la akava vakaripa kova pashlola
Romana gramatikake vash te keryol o sistemi, bi
dendoy priyoriteti e diyalekteske.
 
Pakyav so te lavay te mothavav e diyalektyen e
anaveya, edeya var ka ovlay po baro problemi vash
te pakyan o Roma, soske o Roma sakana therena ani
pi godi poro vakaripa.Sar misal ka mothavav numay
ani yekh diz sar so si o Prizren ani Kosova, sakoya
mahala usharela poro vakaripa.O mahale si: Terzimahala, Qutmahala, Yenimahala, Bashdarana
ty. thay o Roma kotar o gav Mamusha, pashe
Prizreneske, kola kana vakarena yekhe-yavreya,
sakova prastavela yekhe-yaveresko vakaripa thay
but var vi akharyona e mahalake vakaripaske
anavensa sar : Terzimahalakeya, Qutmahalakeya,
Mamushaliya ty. kova kana puqelpe ko vakarela
may shukar i Romani qhib, sare usharena poro
vakaripa a odoleya mothavena vi te na sine odova
qaqek, popale mangena te lolpe olengo vakaripa.
Akava misali lelum numay vash te mothavav save
gandipaske ulavipya si ani yekh diz.
 
Janindoy akava, thay therindoy anglo yakha sa
Sumnaleske Romen, rodinyum may shukar metoda
vasht te kerolpe amari qhib thay odoleske liparyum
numay e Romenge vakaripya vash te mothavav sar
shay te kerolpe o sistemi vash te thera yekh
yekhutno vakaripa koleya ka vakara thay ka hramina
sare. O diyalektya vay o lokalizme polok polok ka
nashavyona a shay disave generaciye popale ka
phiraven pe kherende kheresko vakaripa agyahar sar
vakardilo ji akana.
 
Akana agorindoy o mothavipe vash o sistemi shay te
dikhen save diyalektya vay Romane vakaripya
shunyona ano Sumnal.Akala tele hramime si numay
disave, soske sar mothavyem o Roma akharyona vi
mahalake anavensa,rashtrake anavensa,vi butyake
anavensa ( kovaqya, kalayjiye, arabajiye-vrdarya,
konoplarya-jene kola kerena shela) ty. Akava teluno
hramipe si amare lingvistyengo hramipa kote shay
te dikhen ano [http://romani.kfunigraz.ac.at/romlex/ Romlex].
 
Akana bahtalkerav sarenenge Romana qhibyako
sistemi vash vakaripa thay hramipa, mangindoy e
Bare Devlesta: yekhipa, halyovipa, anglipa, baht
thay sastipa vash sa Roma kola ka len akava
Romana qhibyako sistemi vash hramipa thay
vakaripa thay ka hraminen but thay bare pustika
savensa ka anglikara amari qhib agyahar sar kerde o
yaver thema.
 
==Romane diyalektya vay vakaripya==
 
*''Banateski Gurbet Romani''
*''Bugurjii Romani''
*''Burgenlandaki Romani''
*''Crimean Romani''
*''Dolenyaki Romani''
*''Finlandiyaki Romani-kale''
*''Gurbet Romani''
*''Gurvari Romani''
*''Hungariyaki Romani''
*''Kalderash Romani''
*''Kosovo Arli Romani''
*''Latviyaki Romani''
*''Lithvaniyaki Romani''
*''Lovara Romani''
*''Makedoniyaki Arli Romani''
*''Makedoniyaki Jambazi Romani''
*''Rusiyaki Romani''
*''Romungro Romani''
*''Turkiyaki Sepetqi Romani''
*''Sinti Romani''
*''Slovak Romani''
*''Sofia Erli Romani''
*''Sremeski Gurbet Romani''
*''Ursari Romani''
*''Velsh Romani''
 
==Misala==
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|DAY||DAYA
|-
|YEKHIPASTE||BUTIPASTE
|-
|1. Nom.------i day||1. Nom.------o day-a
|-
|2. Gen. ------ e day-ako||2. Gen. ------e day-engo
|-
|3. Abl. ------e day-ata||3. Abl. ------e day-enda
|-
|4. Dat. ------ e day -ake||4. Dat. ------ e day-enge
|-
|5. Aku.------e day-a||5. Aku.------e day-en
|-
|6. Vok. ------day-e!||6. Vok. -------day-alen!
|-
|7.In.-e day-aya-(asa-aha)||7. Ins. -----e day-ensa
|-
|8. Lok. ------e day-ate||8. Lok. ------e day-ende
|}
 
{| class="wikitable"
|-
|DAD||DADA
|-
|YEKHIPASTE||BUTIPASTE
|-
|1. Nom.------o dad||1. Nom.------o dad-a
|-
|2. Gen. ------ e dad-esko||2. Gen. ------e dad-engo
|-
|3. Abl. ------e dad-esta||3. Abl. ------e dad-enda
|-
|4. Dat. ------ e dad-eske||4. Dat. ------ e dad-enge
|-
|5. Aku.------e dad-e||5. Aku.------e dad-en
|-
|6. Vok. -- dad-a!-(dad-e!)||6. Vok. ------dad-alen!
|-
|7. Ins. ..-----e dad-eya||7. Ins. ..-----e dad-ensa
|-
|8. Lok. ------e dad-este||8. Lok. ------e dad-ende
|}
 
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